478 Hygiene and Medicines. 



rapidly that the cost of the substance Is mucli more than re- 

 turned to the owner. Probably any of the mild fixed oils, 

 as linseed, lard, or cotton seed oil, will answer as well, and as 

 in some sections they are very cheap, the use of them should 

 be encouraged. Oil cake is an excellent fattening material. 

 As a healthful and typical fattening mixture for the ox, 

 Messrs. Lawes and Gilbert recommend the following : — 



No. 474. Crushed oil cake, 8 lbs. 



Chopped clover hay, 13 lbs. 



Turnips, 47 lbs. 



This amount Is given daily, in four divided portions, to an 

 ox weighing about fourteen hundred pounds, and will in- 

 crease him in weight at the rate of twenty pounds per week. 



In feeding Indian corn or peas it is important to give 

 pigs a supply of some mineral substance, the grain not con- 

 taining sufficient for keeping them in a healthy condition. 

 Their breathing becomes labored, and they become 

 '^bloated," with occasionally local swellings of the glands at 

 the sides of the neck. For this, Mr. Harris recommends 

 that a trough containing the following mixture be placed In 

 the pen, and the pigs be allowed to take it as they wish : — 



No. 475. Finely-sifted coal ashes, 20 lbs. 



Common salt, 4 lbs. 



Superphosphate of lime, 1 lb. 



In all cases they should have an abundance of pure water 

 to drink, be kept clean by washing and change of litter, 

 weekly, and have a stye with a tight roof, to protect them 

 from the sun and storms. Instead of a mud hole to \vallow 

 in, there should be a heap of dry coal ashes, charcoal, or 

 clean, dry earth, in one corner of the pen. This will keep 

 them free from lice and fleas. 



A frequent mistake is In giving too much food at once. 

 Double the quantity of food is often required to fatten an 

 animal, when it is given irregularly, and in large quantities. 

 Small amounts at regular intervals are far more economical. 



