90 DISEASES OF POUI-TRV. 



hemorrhages from the intestines may occur, and the 

 progressive weakness and exhaustion soon end in 

 death. In the mild cases of gastro -intestinal catarrh 

 there may be no symptoms other than those of diarrhea, 

 but in the more severe cases of this disease and in gas- 

 tro -enteritis and enteritis the greater part or all of the 

 symptoms mentioned above are observed. 



Treatment. — In the treatment of this class of 

 diseases it is especially important that the cause should 

 be sought and removed. See that the birds are com- 

 fortable and not exposed todraughts,cold,ordampness. 

 Give pure drinking water and regulate the food. Al- 

 low small quantities of mash or cooked food, with 

 some chopped beef. Put a handful of oatmeal in the 

 drinking water or give milk for drink. Give a table - 

 spoonful of olive oil as a laxative to carry off any 

 irritating matters that may be in the intestine, then 

 follow with '2 to 1 grain of bicarbonate of soda and 2 

 grains of subnitrate of bismuth in a little water three 

 times a day. In cases where the diarrhea becomes 

 serious, with symptoms of pain, fever, or blood}' dis- 

 charges, omit the bicarbonate of soda and give /-'& grain 

 powdered opium and 2 grains subnitrate of bismuth 

 everj' four hours. If the diarrhea persists after the fever 

 has disappeared and the appetite is returning, it may 

 be checked with laudanum 5 to 10 drops; or give 10 

 drops of a mixture of equal parts laudanum and tinct- 

 ure of catechu ; or in mild cases add one to two drams 

 of sulphate of iron to the pint of drinking water. 



CONSTIPATION, INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION. 



Constipation is due to an abnormal dryness and 

 hardness of the contents of the intestines, which leads 

 to the accumulation of the contained substances, and 



