The quantity of blood dra^vn must be regulated 

 by the size of the dog : for a very small dog twe 

 ounces are sufficient ; for a middling sized dog, three 

 or four ounces ; and for a large dog, five, six, seven, 

 or eight ounces, according to size, strength, and the 

 nature of the disease. 



BLINDNESS. 



In a book like this of reference, it vvill be prudent 

 to mention the general sources of blindness under this 

 general term. A dog may become blind from se- 

 veral causes. In distemper, an abscess frequently 

 forms in one or both eyes : when this bursts, if it 

 does not gather again, the eye may become clear, and 

 it frequently does so when the apparent injury is 

 very great. In these cases the distemper itself must 

 be attended to with great energy, as upon the re- 

 moval of that principally depends the cure. The 

 external applications should be vitriolic and Goulard 

 washes. Ophthalmia, or pure inflammation of the 

 eye, is another source of blindness in dogs. In this 

 case the eyes become suddenly weak, water much, 

 and, if viewed in the light, look red at the bottom, and 

 likewise within the eyelids. It may be distinguislied 

 from the affection of the eyes arising from distemper ; 

 inasmuch as, in the inflammation proceeding from 

 distemper, there is Hsually a speck or ilight ulcer on 

 one immediate part of the eye ; whereas in ophthal- 

 mia the inflammation is more acute, and apparently 

 more painful, and the eye more irritable and inpa- 

 tient of light. Bleeding should be used, and in very 

 considerable quantities. A seton may be inserted 

 in the neck, and every third day a pur^je should be 



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