BROADLEAVED TREES OF YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK 



Ident-ification of Decidious Trees 

 In Winter 



Such preparations are responsible 

 for the development of a variety of 

 features by means of which one may 

 readily identify deciduous trees in 

 winter primarily by an examination 

 of the naked twigs. Varying with the 

 species, in a manner similar to the 

 more familiar foliage, flowers, or 

 fruits, one finds buds of distinctive 

 form and protective devices placed 

 in typical positions on the twigs, leaf 

 scars of distinctive size and shape 

 with their vascular bundle scars 



(from one to many) arranged in spe- 

 cific patterns upon the surface, and 

 stipule scars which are present on 

 the twigs of certain species. In ad- 

 dition one may note the color, taste 

 and odor of the twig, the nature and 

 number of the lenticels in the bark, 

 the color and character of the pith 

 found in the central portion of the 

 twig, and the bark itself. The form 

 of the tree is also of assistance in 

 winter identification. This has many 

 variations, from an upright pattern 

 (as in the case of the Pacific dog- 

 wood) wherein the trunk or central 



'^Tom drawing by C. frank Brockman 



1. WILLOWS. Twigs slender, round in cross section. Leaf scars alternate, U-shaped and narrow, with 

 three bundle scars. Buds sessile {not stalked), small, oblong and with but one exposed bud scale. Pith 

 round in cross section and small. 



2. BLACK COTTONWOOD. Twigs moderately stout, slightly angular in cross section. Leaf scars 

 large, alternate, broadly crescent shaped to triangular, with three bundle scars. Buds sessile, elongated, 

 conical, gummy and fragrant, with 6-7 overlapping scales. Pi/h rather unull, somcuhat S-angled in cross 

 section. 



5. WHITE ALDER. Tuigs slender, somcubat i-sidcd in cross section. Leaf scars alternate; half 

 round, raised, with three bundle scars. Buds large and stalked, with 2-3 reddish-broun laltafe {not 

 overlapping) scales. 



