>--A^nu.- 



108 YOSEMITE NATURE NOTES 



R. in the Canadian and Hudsonian life- 

 zones in the Yosemite region; occa- 

 sional on the floor of Yosemite Valley 

 in winter. 



HAIRY WOODPECKER (Den- 

 drocopus villosus): 8/2-IO/2 in. Upper 

 parts black with broad white patch 

 down middle of back; white line above 

 and one below eye; outer tail feathers 

 ivhite, without bars; nape with red 

 stripe or crescent, red missing in fe- 

 male ; feathers sometimes appear shaggy 

 or roughened; resembles downy wood- 

 pecker but larger, and outer tail feath- 

 ers unmarked. 



Frequents broken or open mixed de- 

 ciduous and coniferous forest, especial- 

 ly where there are dead snags. R. in 

 foothills and mountains. Breeds chiefly 

 in the Transition and Canadian life- 

 zones. Widespread R. in the Yosemite 

 region except in the Lower Sonoran 

 life-zone and above timberline. 



DOWNY WOODPECKER (Den- 

 drocopus pubescens): 6-7 in. Resembles 

 hairy woodpecker but much smaller 

 and -white outer tail feathers barred in- 

 conspicuously with black. 



Frequents chiefly stream - border 

 growth of willows, cottonwoods, and 

 alders. In the Sierra Nevada it breeds 

 most commonly in the Upper Sonoran 

 and Transition life-zones. R. in the 

 Yosemite region up to an elevation of 

 5,750 feet, as on the Yosemite Falls 

 Trail. 



NUTTALL'S WOODPECKER 



(Dendrocopus nuttalli): 7 in. Nape and 

 sometimes crown feathers red; back 

 black, crossbarred with narrow white 

 stripes ("convict" stripes or "ladder" 

 back) ; under parts solid white; sides 

 spotted with black; no red on head in 

 female. Voice a series of staccato notes 

 given rapidly and largely on one pitch. 

 Often associated with oaks. R. chief- 

 ly in the Upper Sonoran life-zone. Fre- 

 quents foothills and canyons west of 

 the Sierran crest. C. V. to lower ele- 

 vations in the Yosemite region. Occa- 

 sionally seen in Yosemite Valley. 



HAIRY WOODPECKER 

 8^-10^ 





NUTTALL'S 



WOODPECKER 



7 



^ 



WHITE-HEADED 

 WOODPECKER 



