BARLEY. 277 



tered by the wind and only the bare stem remains. No 

 practical seed treatment is known, but rotative cropping will 

 keep the disease in check. 



Covered Smut of Barley (Ustilago hordeii).—The spores 

 mature and are scattered later. They adhere to the grain and 

 can be easily killed by the use of formalin. Immersing the 

 seed for 30 minutes in a solution of one pound of formalin to 40 

 gallons of water will assist in controlling this disease. 



Leaf Eust (Puccinia simplex) and Stem Eust (P. graminis 

 hordeii) are both common and can be checked only by growing 

 resistant strains in favourable localities. The rusts of barleys 

 are not, however, such a menace to barley growing as are the 

 wheat rusts to wheat growing. 



Ergot (Claviceps purpurea) is occasionally found. Care 

 should be taken in feeding affected barley, and it should not be 

 used either for malting or for planting. 



Yellow Leaf (H elminthosporium grami7ium) is uncommon, 

 and is recognised by a yellowing and splitting of the leaves of 

 young plants. No remedy is known. 



The Angoumois Moth (Gelechia cerealella) and Weevils 

 (Calandra oryzoi) are often serious storage pests. They can be 

 controlled by fumigation with carbon bisulphide. An Aphis 

 (Toxoptera graminiu7n) may be bad at times and is difficult to 

 control. Grazing down the crop may be of assistance. 



REFERENCES : 

 » U.S.D. Agric. Bulletin 183. 

 2 U.S.D. Agric. Bulletin 622.— H. V. Harlan. 



EYE. 



Eye is the fifth cereal of importance in the world, maize, 

 wheat, oats and rice being of greater account. It is cultivated 

 in much the same way as wheat and in the Northern Hemi- 

 sphere for very much the same purpose. In South Africa it 



