ILLUSTRATIONS. 



PAGE. 



Red and White Carnations with Hybrid Produced by 



Crossing Frontispiece. 



Wind-blown Sand-drifts 8 



Planting. Beach Grass to Hold the Sand at Cape Cod, Mass. 8 



Apparatus for Experiment i , . . 10 



Deposition of Material Upon Slacking of Stream ... 16 



Shales "Creeping" Under the Action of Frost .... 20 



Formation of Glaciers 21 



Action of Glacier Drifts 23 



Mechanical Action of Rain . . . . N 26 



Roots of Forest Trees Opening a Rocky Subsoil ... 29 



Vegetation Protecting the Soil 30 



How the Farm is Retained 37 



View of an Irrigating Ditch When Made 39 



View of the Same Ditch Ten Years Later 39 



Fifth Grade Children Collecting Different Kinds of Soil 47 



Temperature Curves of a Humous Soil 50 



Apparatus for Experiment 5 52 



Apparatus for Experiment 6 53 



Apparatus for Experiment 7 54 



Apparatus for Experiment 9 61 



Apparatus for Experiment 13 67 



A Good Plow 69 



A Plank Harrow /o 



A Rolling Cutter Harrow 70 



A Spring-toothed Harrow 71 



A Coulter-toothed Harrow 71 



To Show the Effect of Deep and Shallow Plowing . . 73 



Showing Effect of Nitrate 80 



Tubercles on Velvet Bean Produced by Inoculation . . 83 



A Covered Barn-yard 103 



Comparison of Vetch Plants 1 1 1 



Roots of Yellow Soy-bean 112 



Alfalfa Plant 115 



The Cow-pea 1-4 



The Soy-bean .1-5 



xii 



