PROPAGATION OF PLANTS. 



(3) All exposed cut surfaces must be protected 

 from atmospheric agencies. 



Grafting is divided with reference to the posi- 

 tion of the scion upon the stock 

 into (i) root-grafting, and (2) stem- 

 grafting. 



(i) ROOT-GRAFTING. For this 

 purpose the roots of seedlings 

 most commonly, apples from one 

 to two years old should be used as 

 stocks. The work should be done 

 at least six or eight weeks before 

 the time of planting. 



(a) In whole-root grafting, the 

 entire primary root is used, while 

 in (b] piece-root grafting, pieces of 

 the primary root, three or four 

 inches long, are used. Thus, one 

 primary root may furnish material 

 for two or three grafts. FIG. 74. ONE- 



Grafting is divided, with refer- YEAR-OLD PIECE- 



... ROOT GRAFT. 



ence to the method of insertion of The large mass of 



the scion into the stock, into (i) 



tongue or whip grafting, and (2) 



cleft-grafting. The tongue or whip 



graft is used for both piece and whole root 



grafting. 



Directions for root-grafting : (a) Hold the stock or 

 scion which is to be cut in the left hand, with the end 

 supported by the index finger. 





roots formed from 

 the base of the 

 scion. (From Nor- 

 mal Garden.) 



