332 AGRICULTURE. 



The larva remains in the apple only a short time 

 after it drops; then it crawls out (Fig. 120, e) 

 and seeks some secluded place as, under bark, 

 boards, etc.; hence, if the apples are removed and 

 burned, or fed to hogs at once, many of last year's 

 larvae will be destroyed, and thus the number 

 of adults left over for spring breeding greatly 

 lessened. 



6. The Borers are another group of insect 

 pests which, owing to their habits and life his- 

 tory, must be combated in an altogether differ- 

 ent manner. 



This group includes the many species of 

 borers. The remedies for many of these borers 

 are the same, but the time and methods of apply- 

 ing them depend upon the habit of the particu- 

 lar species in question. Each is a study in it- 

 self, and one must know something of the habits 

 and life history of each particular species which 

 he would successfully combat. On account of 

 limited space, but one example of borers can be 

 given. 



(i) EXAMPLE. The Round-headed Apple- 

 tree Borer (Saperda Candida ). The presence 

 of these borers may be detected by the sickly 

 appearance of the tree and by the sawdust from 

 their gnawings, which is pushed out of their tiny 

 canals (Fig. 122). It takes nearly three years 

 for these insects to complete their life-cycle. 



In June or July the eggs are laid singly at the 



