402 AGRICULTURE. 



an example of this we have the draft-horse in 

 England, and the draft-horse in Europe, de- 

 veloped to a great extent independent of each 

 other, yet possessing many characteristics in 

 common. Some of those characteristics com- 

 mon to both are weight, temperament, size of 

 bone and general conformation. 



These coincident cases found in all classes of 

 live stock have given rise to ideas regarding the 

 "relation of form and function." To just what 

 extent form and function are related is difficult 

 to discern. Factors such as temperament and 

 invisible characteristics have a great effect in 

 determining the efficiency of animals. But that 

 animal form and temperament are an index to 

 their function and efficiency, within limits, can 

 not be doubted. Examples of this may be ob- 

 served in all classes of live stock with which we 

 are concerned. From the following paragraphs 

 the relation of the various forms and tempera- 

 ments in the different classes of live stock to 

 their function and efficiency will be seen. 



There are certain terms by which we refer to 

 characteristics which are common to all animals; 

 namely, quality, conformation, constitution, 

 temperament, capacity and early maturity, and 

 sex character. 



i. Quality is an indefinable characteristic 

 which shows strength and ability for perform- 

 ance without coarseness, and is indicated in 



