142 ALASKA GLACIERS 



glaciation, but in interglacial epochs and during a part of 

 pre-glacial time. Therefore, only a part of the erosion 

 they represent can be ascribed to Pleistocene ice. Those 

 at lower levels were made under Pleistocene conditions 

 and belong strictly to that epoch. It is noteworthy that 

 they occur considerably below the upper limit of ice 

 sculpture; on Kupreanof Island and in Glacier Bay they 

 were seen on the flanks of mountains whose summits are 

 well rounded. Though these lower-lying examples are 

 less fully developed than those about the higher summits, 

 they represent a notable amount of ice work, and that ice 

 work was performed during stages of glacier development 

 intermediate in extent between the modern and the maxi- 

 mum. 



Fiords and Hanging Valleys. The fiords admit of 

 a partial classification as longitudinal, or strike, and trans- 



FIG. 68. A FIORD OF THE INSIDE PASSAGE. 

 Ice-rounded mountains in the distance. 



verse. Where the courses are direct and accord with 

 the general trend of the coast, and especially where two 

 or more fiords or channels are parallel, it is fair to assume 

 that their positions were determined by structural factors. 

 Where the courses make wide angles with the trend of 



