FIORDS AND HANGING VALLEYS 147 



land from the mainland, is straight, and as it has a parallel 

 on the opposite side of the island, it is confidently classed 

 with the strike valleys. At each end it connects with 

 much wider fiords of the mainland, having the crooked 

 courses of transverse valleys. From these relations I 

 infer that the pre-glacial master drainage was transverse, 

 and that the Grenville valley was not followed from end 

 to end by a 

 pre -glacial 

 stream, but 

 contained two 

 streams, flow- 

 ing in opposite 

 ways from a 

 medial sum- 

 mit. Thepas- 



- FIG. 72. HANGING VALLEY, FRAZER REACH. 



sage about 



Princess Royal Island is not clearly marked as a strike 

 valley, but its narrowness as compared with the trans- 

 verse valleys in which it ends indicates that it origi- 

 nally contained two minor streams, with a summit be- 

 tween. No trace of either summit has survived the 

 glacial remodeling. As in other fiords, the bottoms are 

 irregular, but some of the lowest points lie midway be- 

 tween the ends. In fact, the deepest soundings reported 

 in the two passages (severally 800 and 900 feet) are near 

 their middles, and are not exceeded by recorded sound- 

 ings in neighboring waters. When it is considered that 

 these fiords, being parallel to the coast, run athwart the 

 general movement of the ice from land to sea, the fact 

 that their depth is comparable with that of troughs lying 

 in the direction of general movement is certainly remark- 

 able. It probably depends in part on the presence of a 

 belt of easily eroded rock, but after all allowance for such 

 favorable condition, one is impressed by the ability of ice 



