KADIAK ISLAND 179 



smaller islands, all mountainous. Traversing the straits, 

 we found familiar signs of ice work : on Raspberry Island 

 a straight wall with hanging valleys; on the Kadiak side 

 a general rounding of all summits up to the clouds, which 

 hung at about 2,000 or 2,500 feet. Here, too, the water 

 is bordered in places by a lowland or terrace (fig. 85), 

 carved, for the most part, from vertical slates. In detail 

 the lowland is uneven, and it is locally broken into islands, 

 but its general plane is easily traced and, as already noted 

 by Dall, l inclines from east to west. The height ranges 

 from about 100 feet to sea-level. 



At the extreme east lies Chiniak Bay, a broad opening, 

 invaded on one side by mountain promontories, and partly 



FIG. 85. TERRACE ON SPRUCE ISLAND, OPPOSITE KADIAK ISLAND. 



sheltered from the ocean by a group of low islands. Close 

 to the islands is the village of Kadiak. The general trend 

 of promontories and islands is northeast-southwest. The 

 islands are shredded remnants of a plain carved from ver- 

 tical slates, probably a base-level plain contemporaneous 

 with the terraces along the straits (fig. 86). Their uneven 

 surfaces include rounded hills about loofeet high, but the 

 plane of the original peneplain must pass above these. 



All surfaces about the bay are glaciated. The island 

 topography is moutonnee, with a large pattern, individual 

 bosses being sometimes half a mile or more in length. A 

 few patches of glacial polish and striae were found, though 

 such records have been generally obliterated by weather- 



1 Seventeenth Ann. Kept. U. S. Geol. Survey, part I, p. 863, 1896. 



