GLACIAL SCULPTURE 



209 



they were sculptured chiefly by currents approaching the 

 fiord from the right; and plucking was an important fac- 

 tor of the process. The peaks against the sky were above 

 the Pleistocene ice. 



In the last example the unevenness in the region of 

 extensive plucking is partly due to the varying resistance 

 of heterogeneous bed-rock. This factor finds strong ex- 

 pression in the forelands and low islets at New Metlakatla, 

 Sitka, and Kadiak, where peneplains well reduced toward 

 base-level, and therefore 

 presumptively of nearly 

 even surface, were much 

 roughened by a moderate 

 amount of glacial deg- 

 radation (see figs. 64, 65 

 and 86, and pi. xvn). 



It is also strongly ex- 

 pressed on the slopes of 

 Unalaska Island about 

 Unalaska Bay. There is 

 a general lumpiness of 

 the surface which would 

 throw doubt on the 

 theory of extensive Pleis- 

 tocene glaciation were 

 the theory not strongly 

 supported by the con- 

 spicuous glacial sculp- 

 ture of other parts of the 

 island. Except where 

 exposed in sea cliffs, the rocks are largely covered by a 

 tundra mat, and this leaves room for doubt as to the steeper 

 slopes, where many of the knobs maybe landslips; but on 

 the gentler slopes the knobs are clearly obdurate elements 

 of the heterogeneous volcanic mass, rendered prominent by 



FIG. IO2. ICE SCULPTURE IN RUSSELL FIORD. 



