DAIRY INSPECTION 145 



Ties or Stanchions. From a sanitary standpoint, 

 stanchions or jacks are better than chains because they 

 are more likely to hold the cow in the proper place in the 

 stall to cause the manure to be dropped into the gutter, 

 thus assisting indirectly in keeping the cows clean. The 

 swinging chain-stanchion is also quite comfortable. The 

 best material for stanchions and their supports is metal 

 piping. 



Stall divisions help to keep the cow in place and thus 

 assist in keeping the platform and the cow clean; they 

 also prevent the cow from treading on the udder or teats 

 of a neighboring cow. Solid, board partitions, extending 

 from the floor upward, are objectionable because they 

 increase the difficulty of keeping the stable clean and 

 interfere with the circulation of air ; they may also be in 

 the way of the milker. Wood fittings with flat surfaces 

 and cracks are not as easily kept clean as round, smooth 

 surfaces, and the cracks make disinfection more difficult. 

 Stall divisions consisting of a single piece of metal pipe, 

 extending in a curve from the front post of the stall to 

 the rear of the platform, with a radius of 3 feet, are not 

 open to these objections. 



Arrangement of the Stalls. When stalls in a stable 

 are placed in two rows, they are arranged with the cows 

 in one row facing those in the other, with the feed alley 

 in the centre between the mangers, and a passageway in 

 the rear between the manure gutter and the side wall ; or, 

 the stalls are arranged with the cows in each row facing 

 outward toward the side walls, with a feed alley in front 

 of each row between the manger and the wall and a pass- 

 ageway extending through the middle of the stable be- 

 tween the two rows of cows. Both plans have advan- 

 tages and disadvantages. When the cows stand facing a 

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