156 PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF MILK HYGIENE 



latse muscle. Normally, it is about 1 inch in width and 4 to 6 

 inches long. 



When these glands are enlarged, firm and not hot or painful, 

 they are usually tuberculous. The lymph-glands are also en- 

 larged in leuksemia and pseudoleukaemia, but in these diseases all 

 of the superficial lymph-glands on both sides of the body are 

 similarly affected. 



12. Complete the Examination of the Udder and 

 Examine the Supramammary Lymph-glands. Inspect 

 the skin of the udder and teats for furuncles, ulcers, 

 symptoms of cowpox, etc. Inspect the opening of the 

 teat canal for scabs. 



Palpate the udder. This is done most satisfactorily 

 when the udder is empty. Beginning with the inferior 

 extremity of the teat and passing upward, palpate suc- 

 cessively the teat canal, the milk cistern, the gland tissue 

 and the supramammary lymph-glands. Note the tem- 

 perature of the parts and look for symptoms of acute 

 inflammation, induration, and nodules. By rolling the 

 teat between the fingers, thickening of the mucous mem- 

 brane of the cistern and nodular formations in the walls 

 of the cistern and teat canal can be detected. In palpat- 

 ing the udder, pass one hand up between the two halves 

 of the organ, place the other hand on the external surface 

 and then, beginning at the posterior or anterior extremity, 

 slowly work the udder tissue between the fingers, search- 

 ing for indurations, retention cysts, etc. 



Draw milk from each quarter into the palm of the 

 hand and examine it for color, consistency, flakes, clots, 

 etc. In doubtful cases collect a sample for further 

 examination. Press the end of the teat to see if any 

 mucus or pus can be squeezed out of the teat canal. Ob- 

 serve if there is any difficulty in expressing the milk from 



