192 PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF MILK HYGIENE 



than the hypochlorous acid solution. Winslow reports 

 that a 1 to 1000 solution of chloride of lime may be used 

 in the same manner and with the same results as the 

 hypochlorous acid and the calcium hypochlorite solu- 

 tions. 



When milking machines are in use, careful inquiry 

 should be made regarding the method of cleaning them. 

 The apparatus should be taken apart each time after 

 it is used and thoroughly cleansed and sterilized. On 

 account of the labor involved, this is sometimes done 

 only once a day, but this is not sufficient. Particular 

 attention must be given to cleaning the metallic and 

 rubber tubing and teat cups. After being rinsed with 

 cold water and then with hot water, these parts should 

 be disinfected. The metallic tubes may be sterilized by 

 steam, together with the other metallic parts of the ap- 

 paratus. The 0.1 per cent, solution of hypochlorous 

 acid and the 1 to 1000 solution of chloride of lime are 

 very satisfactory disinfectants for the rubber tubing and 

 teat cups and for the metallic parts as well. The rubber 

 parts should be kept submerged in one of these solutions 

 when not in use. A solution of % pound of chloride 

 of lime and 10 pounds of sodium chloride in 10 gallons 

 of water is also recommended. If air is allowed to re- 

 main in any part of the tubing, bacteria may multiply. 

 The apparatus must be properly cared for or the milk 

 will contain a larger number of bacteria than when it 

 is drawn by hand. A milking machine is not in itself 

 a protection against dirt or bacteria in milk. The hair 

 on the udder around the teats must be kept short and 

 this part of the udder must also be cleaned before each 

 milking to obtain good results, while the teat cups must 



