NEW YORK MILK COMMITTEE 57 



that are used for commercial purposes. There are 4800 

 horses in the first ward of the City of Chicago alone. 8000 

 cows in the City of Chicago would furnish milk for every cow's 

 milk drinking baby in that City, and if we will put up with the 

 nuisance of 77,000 horses for the purposes of trade, why won't 

 we put up with the nuisance of 8000 cows for the purpose of 

 good baby milk? You may have an idea that a cow stable is 

 more offensive than a horse stable, and it is, or rather, it can 

 be somewhat more offensive than a horse stable. But did you 

 ever go into Mr. Francisco's barn? If you ever did, I war- 

 rant you that you have never seen a horse barn in your life 

 that was so inoffensive as Mr. Francisco's barn, or as any 

 cow barn can be maintained. I therefore can see no reason 

 why cows could not be kept in the City of New York or in the 

 City of Chicago, producing good milk, fresh and clean, from 

 tuberculin tested cows that are healthy, and that are milked 

 by milkers that are so closely under observation that there is 

 no possibility for the development of contagion among them, 

 and, in that way, getting the milk from the cow to the baby, 

 and consumed by the baby, when the milk is less than twelve 

 hours old. I believe that thoroughly clean milk, less than 

 twelve hours old would be, if kept properly cool, better than 

 the best milk that has ever been produced by anybody after 

 that milk gets to be three or four or five days old. 



If there are considerations of land value to make it difficult 

 to solve that problem in this way, then it may be possible, in 

 an island such as this a necessity that would not exist in the 

 City of Chicago, where there is more unoccupied land that 

 you should establish milk producing stables at the periphery 

 of your city, where land values are not so high, and then, if 

 you will bring that milk, young, fresh, cold, into the city, not 

 by your present system of railroad haul for, in my judgment, 

 the present system of railroad haul is not suited for city trans- 

 portation you will have milk that is fit for babies. The large 

 freight unit that steam railroads now operate under is not 

 fitted for the transportation of goods in the vicinity of cities, 

 from one point within a city to another point within a city. 

 The proposition is, that with an electric railway haul, you can 

 load milk cars with your milk, immediately upon its produc- 

 tion, and then use your street car lines to rapidly distribute it 



