178 CONFERENCE ON MILK PROBLEMS 



fied milk and guaranteed milk carry their credentials on the 

 bottle, and are endorsed by the Health Department as safe. 

 Pasteurized milk must be labeled "Pasteurized," but the citizens 

 do not know as yet whether this label is a badge of honor or a 

 mark of disgrace. 



For five years I was a producer of certified milk. At the 

 present time I am actively cooperating with the New York 

 Milk Committee and the New York Dairy Demonstration Com- 

 pany in showing that a clean, tuberculin tested milk, can be 

 produced at a moderate cost. The importance of pushing for- 

 ward sanitary measures and encouraging the production of 

 clean raw milk, I fully appreciate ; and yet, I want to say that 

 if it were in my power, every quart of milk sold on the streets 

 of New York City to-morrow morning would be thoroughly 

 pasteurized with the exception of the certified and guaranteed 

 milks ; and I do not feel at all sure that the pasteurization of 

 the certified and guaranteed milks would not be a good thing. 



I have just come from the investigation of an extensive ty- 

 phoid epidemic which I traced to milk which was produced 

 under all of the certified conditions ; and yet this milk was the 

 cause of 30 cases of typhoid fever and two deaths, because one 

 of the men handling the milk proved to be a chronic carrier of 

 typhoid germs. If this milk had been pasteurized, the epi- 

 epidemic would not have occurred. 



Many of the large milk dealers of New York City have seen 

 the handwriting on the wall and have had the courage in the 

 face of public opposition, to place their industry on a pasteur- 

 ized basis. They have found that this not only gives stability 

 to their business but that it is actual life insurance to the 

 consumers of their milk. 



I wish to urge upon our Department of Health that it 

 should no longer hesitate. I believe that pasteurization of all 

 milk not fit to use in the raw state should be made compulsory. 

 I believe that the adoption of this measure immediately by our 

 city would be the greatest single step that has ever been taken 

 in the interest of public health. 



THE CHAIRMAN: I am going to introduce one of the most en- 

 thusiastic and one of the earliest workers in the pure milk crusade, 

 and one who has a way of accomplishing great things in the pure 

 milk movement, although nobody knows how it happens. He has 



