SUPPRESSION OF INSECT PESTS AND PLANT DISEASES. 15 



contagion, is hereby prohibited from being offered for sale, gift, distribution, or 

 transportation until said material has been disinfected by dipping it in boiling water 

 and allowing it to remain in said boiling water not less than two minutes, such 

 boiling water used as such disinfectant to contain in solution 1 pound of concen- 

 trated potash to each and every 10 gallons of water. 



"Rule 8. All trees, plants, cuttings, grafts, buds, or scions may be disinfected by 

 dipping in a solution of three-fourths of a pound of whale oil soap (8 per cent) to 

 each and every gallon of water. Said whale oil soap solution shall be kept at a 

 temperature of 100 to 115. Said trees, plants, cuttings, grafts, buds, or scions 

 shall remain in said solution not less than two minutes. After said trees, plants, 

 cuttings, grafts, buds, or scions have been disinfected they shall remain in quaran- 

 tine fourteen days for subsequent inspection, and if deemed necessary by the quar- 

 antine officer of the State Board of Horticulture, or a duly commissioned quarantine 

 guardian, for further disinfection. 



"Rule 9. All trees, plants, cuttings, grafts, buds, or scions may be disinfected by 

 fumigation with hydrocyanic acid gas, as follows: Said trees, plants, cuttings, 

 grafts, buds, or scions shall be covered with an air-tight tent or box, and for each 

 and every 100 cubic feet of space therein two-thirds of an ounce of c. p. cyanide of 

 potassium (98 per cent), 1 fluid ounce of sulphuric acid, and 2 fluid ounces of water 

 shall be used. The cyanide of potassium shall be placed in an earthenware vessel, 

 the water poured over the said cyanide of potassium, afterwards adding the sul- 

 phuric acid, and the tent or box to be immediately closed tight and allowed to 

 remain closed for not less than forty minutes. After said trees, plants, cuttings, 

 grafts, buds, or scions have been treated with hydrocyanic acid gas, as above 

 directed, they shall remain in quarantine for fourteen days for subsequent inspec- 

 tion, and if deemed necessary by a member of the State Board of Horticulture, 

 or the quarantine officer of said board, or a duly commissioned quarantine guardian, 

 for subsequent disinfection. 



"Rule 10. All trees, plants, cuttings, grafts, buds, or scions imported or brought 

 into this State shall be inspected upon arrival at first point of debarkation, and if 

 found infested with mining scales (Cliionaspis biclavis) or other injurious insects 

 which can not be destroyed by the remedies required in rules 8 and 9 of these regu- 

 lations, are hereby prohibited from being planted or offered for sale, gift, or distribu- 

 tion, and shall be proceeded against as a nuisance. 



"Rule 11. Any person or persons having in their possession trees, plants, cuttings, 

 grafts, buds, scions, seeds, or pits infested with any insect or insects, or with any 

 fungi, blight, or other disease or diseases injurious to fruit or fruit trees, or to other 

 trees or plants, and who refuse or neglect to disinfect the said trees, plants, cuttings, 

 grafts, buds, scions, seeds, or pits, as is required by rules 8 and 9 of these regulations, 

 after having been notified to do so by a member of the State Board of Horticulture, 

 the quarantine officer of said board, or a duly commissioned quarantine guardian, the 

 said trees, plants, cuttings, grafts, buds, scions, seeds, or pits shall be declared a public 

 nuisance, and shall be proceeded against as provided for by law. 



"Rule 12. Animals known as flying fox, Australian or English wild rabbit or other 

 animals or birds detrimental to fruit or fruit trees, plants, etc., are prohibited from 

 being brought or landed in this State, and, if landed, they shall be destroyed." 



The laws and regulations promulgated by the State Board of Horticulture have 

 been enforced without fear or favor both by the State authorities and county com- 

 missioners. The validity of all the acts passed has been questioned, and in suits 

 brought their constitutionality has been upheld by the courts. 



In order to prevent the possible introduction of new pests into our State on plants 

 and trees brought here by passengers and importers from foreign countries, great 

 precaution has been exercised. The quarantine officer is stationed at the port of San 

 Francisco, and under the regulations of the board no tree, plant, or fruit can be 

 landed until passed upon by him or his deputy. 



