186 BARLEY 



In malting the hulled barleys are preferred to hulless, as the hull 

 protects against fungus while malting and also serves as a filter 

 when extracting. The hull, however, is dead loss, as it is mostly 

 fiber, and therefore a low per cent is desirable. 



If the barley is plump a thin hull is indicated, by being wrinkled 

 across the back and also by absence of the two strong veins, while in 

 a thick coarse hull the two veins are quite prominent. 



4. Close Threshing. In good barley the awn should not be 

 broken so close that the end of the kernel is exposed, but on a good 

 percentage of grains a stub of awn one-fourth inch long is regarded 

 as desirable. This can be regulated by adjustment of the threshing 

 machine, and should be given attention when barley is being threshed 

 for market. 



Feed Barley. The term " feed barley " is given on the market 

 to barley that for any reason is not suitable for malting. In some 

 cases only the germinating quality is injured, and the grain is of 

 good weight, but usually feed barley is rather light in weight, broken 

 and chaffy. 



EXERCISES 



Barley differs from wheat and rye in having three flowers at a joint 

 of the rachis, and but one grain per spikelet. 



In the six-row barleys all three flowers are fertile and bear grains. 



In the two-row barleys the lateral flowers are sterile. 



It will be observed that the empty glumes are very narrow in barley, 

 while in wheat and oats they are broad, enclosing the flower. 



Read carefully text on classification of barleys. 



Barley Types. 1. Materials. Have at hand samples of the four prin- 

 cipal barley topes, as described in Chapter XXIII, and, in addition, hulless 

 barleys of bwh the awnless and hooded types. 



2. Lay out heads of the types in order. 



Lay brace of spikelets from each type just below the respective type. 



3. Compare hexastichon and vulgare. 

 Are all three grains in a brace same size? 

 Are any of the grains twisted? 



Compare the shape of grain, and also the prominence of the two nerves 

 on back. 



Can you identify threshed samples of the two kinds? 



4. See if you can find marks for identifying the two-rowed types in 

 threshed grain. 



Can you tell the threshed grain of the two-rowed and six- rowed apart 1 



5. Drawings. Make drawings (x3) as follows: 



(a) Spikelet of each type on short section of rachis. 



(&) Side view (groove side) of short section of each spike. 



