NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 



Gaultheria shallon Pursh. (pi. 15, A. B). Salal. 



Range: 1, 2, 4, 12. 



Site: Dry, well-drained, sun, shade. 



Fruit: Berry, available July-December. 



A small to large evergreen shrub ; flowers May-June ; when occurring in dry, 

 sunny situations the species becomes much dwarfed; apparently needs a very 

 humid atmosphere for best growth ; forms a dense cover, more especially on 

 sandy soil ; most robust near the sea ; propagation is by seed sown under glass 

 in winter or spring. 



Stomach records: Wren tit. Observations: Blue grouse, band-tailed pigeon, 

 sooty grouse ; Columbian black-tailed deer, Townsend's chipmunk, brown mountain 

 beaver, Olympic black bear ; emergency ration for Olympic wapiti, an important 

 food of Roosevelt elk. Not palatable to livestock. 



Gaylussacia spp. 



Propagation of all species is by seed sown under glass in winter or spring. 



Stomach records (in addition to specific records) : Fifty -one species of birds, 

 including ruffed grouse, bobwhite, wild turkey, sharp-tailed grouse, ring-necked 

 pheasant; opossum. Observations: White-winged crossbill; ranked with Vac- 

 cinium as twenty-ninth on the list of quail food plants in the Southeast; bear. 



Gaylussacia baccata (Wang.) Koch. Black huckleberry. 



O. resinosa (Ait.) Torr, and Gray, Andromeda baccata Wang., Decachaena 

 baccata (Wang.) Small. 



Range : 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29. 

 Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 

 Fruit : Berry ; available July-September. 



A small, much-branched, rigid shrub ; flowers May-June ; occurs in sandy and 

 other, usually acid soils; many fruit-color varieties occur within the range of 

 the species. 



Stomach records: Six species of birds, including ruffed grouse, sharp-tailed 

 grouse, greater prairie chicken ; composed 1.9 percent of entire amount of fall 

 food taken by sharp-tailed grouse in Wisconsin ; taken by 3 out of 17 fall-col- 

 lected prairie chickens in Wisconsin; white-tailed deer. Observations: Ruffed 

 grouse, bobwhite, wild turkey, mourning dove. 



Gaylussacia brachycera (Michx. ) Gray. Box huckleberry. 



Vaccinium brachycerum Michx., Buxella brachycera (Michx.) Small. 

 Range: 27, 28. 

 Site : Dry, well-drained, sun. 

 Fruit : Berry ; available July-August. 



A small evergreen shrub ; flowers May-June ; forms extremely dense colonies, 

 each representing a single plant; usually occurs in acid soils, including very 

 poor ones; seed often produces sterile fruit; best developed in southeastern 

 West Virginia. 

 Observations: Ruffed grouse. 



Gaylussacia dumosa (Andr.) Torr. and Gray. Dwarf huckleberry. 



Vaccinium dumosum Andr., Lasiococcus dumosus (Andr.) Small. 

 Range : 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. 

 Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun.' 

 Fruit : Berry ; available June-October. 



A small shrub; evergreen southward; flowers May-June; occurs in sandy 

 and other soils, often swamps; stems are produced from a creeping rootstock. 

 Var. hirtella (Aitf.) Gray, (G. hirtella (Ait.) Klotz., Lasiococcus mosieri 

 Small), occurs within the range of the species. 



Gaylussacia frondosa (L.) Torr. and Gray. Dangleberry. 



Vaccinium frondosum L., Decachaena frondosa (L.) Torr. and Gray. 

 Range: 25, 27, 28, 29. 

 Site: Dry, well-drained sun. 

 Fruit: Berry; available June-September. 



A small to large, widely-branched, shrub ; flowers May-June. A dwarf form 

 has been described as var. tomentosa Gray. 



Stomach records: Two species of birds. Observations: Ruffed grouse, bob- 

 white, cedar waxwing. 



Gaylussacia hirtella, see Gaylussacia dumosa. 



