NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 15Q 



Observations: Wren-tit; of slight importance as browse for mule deer. Not 

 browsed by stock ; reported by stockmen as poisonous. Of some importance 

 as a honey plant. 



Lonicera involucrata (Richards) Banks. Twinberry honeysuckle. 



Xylosteon involucrata, Richards, Distegia involucrata (Richards.) Raf., 

 L. ledebouri Esch. 

 Range : 4, 5, 7, 12, 13, 14, 23, 24, 26. 

 Site: Well-drained, moist, shade. 

 Fruit: Berry, available August-September. 



A large bushy shrub ; flowers June-July ; suckers very freely and may form 

 patches of considerable size; root system fibrous, shallow, rootstocks also shal- 

 low ; 226,000 seeds per pound. 



Stomach records: Four species of birds. Observations: Blue grouse, flowers 

 much used by blue-throated and Rivoli hummingbirds. Only locally browsed by 

 livestock. 



Lonicera japonica Thunb. Japanese honeysuckle. 



Nintooa japonica Sweet. 



Range : 5, 20, 22, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30. 

 Site : Dry, well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 

 Fruit: Berry, available September-March. 



A half -evergreen vine ; flowers June-August ; introduced from eastern Asia 

 and well established in regions indicated; extremely aggressive in competition 

 with native plants ; known to have killed trees up 6 inches in diameter ; not 

 necessarily confined to richer, moister woodlands, where it does best ; often con- 

 sidered a troublesome weed, especially in the South; gradually becoming more 

 widespread; many cultivated varieties known, of which var. halliana is most 

 widely naturalized. 



Stomach records: Five species of birds, Including bobwhite. 



lonicera ledebouri, see Lonicera involucrata. 



Lonicera oblongifolia (Goldie) Hook. Swamp fly-honeysuckle. 



L. altissima Jennings, Xylosteon oblongifolia Goldie. 

 Range : 23, 24, 26, 27. 

 Site: Moist, sun. 



Fruit : Berry, available May-August. 



A small to large, somewhat straggling shrub ; flowers May-June. 

 Lonicera prolifera (Booth) Rehd. Grape honeysuckle. 



L. sullivantii Gray, Caprifolium proliferum Booth. 

 Range : 22, 23, 24, 25. 

 Site : Dry, well-drained, sun. 

 Fruit: Berry, available July-October. 

 A vine ; flowers May- June ; very similar to L. dioica; attacked by green aphis. 



Lonicera sempervirens L. Trumpet honeysuckle. 



Phenianthus sempervirens (L.) Raf. 



Range : 11, 20, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. 

 Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 

 Fruit: Berry, available September-October. 



A high-climbing vine ; evergreen ; flowers April-September ; leaves deciduous 

 northward ; in cultivation. 

 Observations: Purple finch. 



Lonicera subspicata Hook, and Arn. Moronel. 



Range: 5. 



Site : Dry, well-drained, sun. 



Fruit: Berry. 



A climbing or trailing vine or small to large shrub ; evergreen. 

 Observations: California mule deer. 



Lonicera sullivantii, see Lonicera prolifera. 



Lonicera utahensis Wats. Utah honeysuckle. 



L. ebractulata Rydb. Xylosteon utahense (Wats.) Howell. 

 Range : 4, 12, 13, 14. 

 Site: Dry, well-drained, shade. 

 Fruit : Berry, available June-August. 



A small to large shrub ; forms clumps. Locally of some value as browse for 

 livestock. 



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