NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 



Lupinus propinquus, see Lupinus arboreus. 



Lycium spp. 



The root systems of the species are relatively extensive in comparison with the 

 aerial portions, often extending 25-30 feet from the plants; roots tough and 

 fibrous ; propagation is by seed sown as soon as ripe or by cuttings. 



Stomach records (in addition to specific records) : Three species of birds, 

 including Gambel and scaled quail. Observations (in addition to specific rec- 

 ords) : Verdin, Gila woodpecker; Mexican raccoon; important food for birds and 

 desert rodents generally. 



Lycium andersonii Gray. (pi. 20, A, B). Anderson desert-thorn. 



Range : 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14. 

 Site: Dry, sun. 



Fruit : Berry, available April-May. 



A small, spiny, scraggly shrub ; flowers April- June ; profusely branched ; 

 tolerant of alkali ; occurs in sandy and other soils. 



Stomach records: Gambel quail. Observations: Attractive to black-chinned 

 hummingbird. 



Lycium berlandieri Dunal. 



Range : 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 20. 

 Site : Dry, sun. 

 Fruit : Berry. 



A small to large shrub ; occurs in sandy and other soils. 



Forma parviflorum (Gray) Hitchc., (L. parviflorum Gray) is more robust with 

 numerous leaves and is generally found in the northwestern part of the range. 



Lycium californicum Nutt. California desert-thorn. 



Range: 5, 10, 11. 



Site : Well-drained, moist, sun. 



Fruit : Berry, available April-October. 



A small, densely-branched shrub ; occurs on clay or sand ; decumbent or 

 spreading; spiny, and branches much intertwined. 



Lycium carolinianum Walt. Christmasberry. 



Range: 17, 20, 29, 30. 



Site : Well-drained, moist, sun. 



Fruit: Berry. 



A small, trailing or somewhat climbing, spiny shrub ; occurs on saline or 

 alkaline soil, sand or limestone. 



Var. quadrifidum (Moc. and Sesse) Hitchc., (L. quadrifldum Moc. and Sesse), 

 the large-fruited matrimony vine, is more widely distributed and spinier than 

 the species, commoner westward ; grows in sand ; drought resistant ; will grow 

 in standing water ; fruit attractive to waterfowl. 



Lycium cooperi Gray. Cooper desert-thorn. 



Range: 9, 10. 



Site : Dry, sun. 



Fruit : Berry. 



A small to large, compact shrub ; flowers April-June ; occurs in sandy and 

 other soils ; stout, spiny and densely branched. 



Lycium exsertum Gray. 



L. fremontii bigelovii Gray. 

 Range : 11. 

 Site : Dry, sun. 

 Fruit : Berry. 



A small to large, sparingly-branched, few-spined, rigid shrub ; rapid growing ; 

 nearly evergreen; procumbent branches root; roots well from cuttings; seed 

 produced abundantly. 



Lycium fremontii Gray. Fremont desert-thorn. 



L. pallidum fremontii Terac., L. gracilipes Gray. 

 Range: 5, 10, 11. 

 Site: Dry, sun. 

 Fruit: Berry. 



A small to large, freely-branched, somewhat spiny shrub; usually occurs in 

 rather alkaline soil. Browsed by livestock in winter. 



Lycium gracilipes, see Ltycium fremontii. 



