192 MISC. PUBLICATION 303, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 



A large evergreen tree; three-needled; wood of great commercial value. 



Stomach records: Seven species of birds including California quail. Observa- 

 tions: Four species of birds including sooty grouse; porcupine, Columbian gray 

 squirrel, Sierra chickaree, California gray squirrel ; of outstanding importance 

 as browse for mule deer. (Records of utilization of this species may apply 

 partially to P. brachyptera.) 



Pinus pungens Lam. Mountain pine. 



Range : 25, 27. 

 Site : Dry, well-drained, sun. 



Fruit : Cone ; seeds shed in autumn of the second season or within 

 2 or 3 years, cones persistent 18 to 20 years but seeds often sterile 

 with age. 



A large evergreen tree ; two-needled ; rather slow growing ; intolerant of 

 shade ; bears seed when 5 years old ; often occurs on dry, gravelly slopes but 

 grows also in moist clay ; aggressive in old fields ; 40,500 seeds per pound, 

 germination 60-90 percent. 



Pinus quadrifolia, see Pinus parryana. 



Pinus radiata Don. Monterey pine. 



Range: 1, 5. 

 Site: Well-drained, sun. 

 Fruit : Cone ; mature in August of the second season, persistent closed 



6 to 10 years, opening when heated. 



A large, often flat-topped evergreen tree ; three-needled ; occurs naturally in 

 only a few scattered colonies ; short-lived in arid situations ; does not thrive 

 in wet soils ; rapid growing ; somewhat tolerant of shade ; prolific annual 

 seeder; wood little used because scarce; humus from the species accumulates 

 rapidly ; tolerant of saline conditions ; 20,000 seeds per pound. 

 Stomach records: Two species of birds. 



Finus remorata Mason. Santa Cruz Island pine. 



P. radiata ~bvnata Lemmon. 

 Range : 5. 



Site : Dry, well-drained, sun. 

 Fruit: Cone. 

 A large evergreen tree : two-needled. 



Pinus resinosa Ait. Red pine. 



Range : 23, 24, 26, 27. 

 Site : Dry, well-drained, sun. 

 Fruit : Cone ; ripe in September, seeds soon shed, cones falling the 



next spring. 



A large evergreen tree ; two-needled ; rapid growing ; intolerant of shade ; 

 withstands severe cold and drought ; resistant to fire ; much more resistant to 

 insects and diseases than white pine ; rarely seeds abundantly ; typical of, 

 but not restricted to sandy soils; prunes itself early in close stands; wood not 

 durable in soil, much used commercially ; 30,000-69,000 seeds per pound, ger- 

 mination 50^-87 percent ; easily transplanted. 



Stomach records: One species of bird. Observations: Cottontail rabbit. 



Pinus rigida Mill. Pitch pine. 



Range: 26, 27. 



Site : Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 

 Fruit : Cone ; mature the second season, opening slowly, persistent 



several years. 



A large evergreen tree ; three-needled ; grows in dry, rocky, sandy, and other 

 sterile soils ; coppices when cut ; rapid growing when established ; extremely 

 resistant to fire ; wood somewhat used commercially ; 35,000-73,000 seeds per 

 pound, germination 70 percent. 



Stomach records: Three species of birds including ruffed grouse; white-tailed 

 deer. Observations: Seven species of birds; a preferred food of red squirrels. 



Pinus sabiniana Dougl. Digger pine. 



Range: 4. 



Site : Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 



Fruit : Cone ; mature in September of the second season, seeds shed 

 during several years, cones persistent several years longer. 



