NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 215 



ftuercus ellipsoidalis Hill. Jack oak. 



Range: 21, 22, 23, 24. 

 Site : Well-drained, sun. 

 Fruit : Acorn, biennial. 

 A small to large shrub or small to large tree ; often occurs on clay soils. 



ftuercus emoryi Torr. Emory oak. 



Q. hastata Liebm. 

 Range: 10, 11. 



Site : Dry, well-drained, sun. 

 Fruit: Acorn; annual, available July-August, or ripening irregularly 



from June-September. 



A small to large shrub or small to large tree ; evergreen ; wood somewhat used 

 commercially. 



Observations: Mearn's Gambel, and scaled quail; Mexican mule deer; Couch 

 rock squirrel ; much eaten by Gila chipmunk ; highly palatable the year round 

 to captive deer. 



ftuercus engelmannii Greene. Evergreen white oak. 



Range: 5. 



Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 

 Fruit : Acorn, annual. 



A large evergreen tree ; occurs on loam, sand, gravel, and other soils ; wood 

 useful only for fuel. 



Observations: California mule deer. 



ftuercus falcata, see Quercus rubra. 



ftuercus fendleri Liebm. Fendler oak. 



Q. undulata pedunculata DC. 

 Range : 11, 13, 14, 16. 

 Site : Dry, sun. 

 Fruit: Acorn, annual. 

 A large shrub ; not thicket forming. Considered fair browse for cattle. 



ftuercus fusiformis, see Quercus virginiana. 

 ftuercus gambelii, see also Quercus leptophylla. 



ftuercus gambelii Nutt. Gambel oak. 



Q. douglasU gambelii DC., Q. undulata gambelii Engelm. 

 Range : 9, 11, 13, 14. 

 Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 

 Fruit : Acorn, annual. 



A large shrub to small tree ; resistant to heavy grazing. 



Observations: Txirkey. When associated with more palatable species, lightly 

 grazed by cattle, sheep and horses; acorns sweet, relished by swine and other 

 stock and with high fattening qualities; of moderately high palatability to 

 goats ; shoots contain 4-10 percent of tannic acid. 



ftuercus garryana Dougl. Oregon white oak. 



Range : 1, 2. 



Site: Dry, well-drained, sun. 

 Fruit : Acorn, annual. 



A large shrub to large tree ; wood durable, valuable commercially. 

 Var. breweri (Engelm.) Jeps. (Q. breweri Engelm., Q. oerstediana Brown), 

 the Brewer oak, is a small to large, spreading shrub occurring in region 4. It 

 is much browsed by Rocky Mountain mule deer and much eaten by stock, the 

 protein content of the foliage being almost equal to that of alfalfa hay. Var. 

 semota Jeps., the Kaweah oak, is a shrub occurring in region 4. 



Observations: Band-tailed pigeon, Lewis' woodpecker, ring-necked pheasant; 

 bear. 



ftuercus geminata, see Quercus virginiana. 



ftuercus georgiana Curtis. Georgia oak. 



Range: 27, 28. 

 Site : Dry, well-drained, sun. 

 Fruit: Acorn, biennial. 

 A large, rare tree. 



