NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 233 



Ribes amarum McClatch. Bitter gooseberry. 



G-rossularia. amara (McClatch.) Cov. and Britt. 

 Range : 4. 



Site : Dry, well-drained, shade. 

 Fruit : Berry. 

 A small to large, spiny shrub ; flowers March- April. 



Ribes americanum, see also Ribes laxiftorum. 



Ribes americanum Mill. Black currant. 



R. floridum L'Her. 



Range : 12, 13, 14, 15, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28. 

 Site : Dry, well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 

 Fruit : Berry, available July-August. 



A small, unarmed shrub ; flowers April-May ; closely related to R. nigrum of 

 Europe, the most dangerous host of the white-pine blister rust. 

 Observations: Ring-necked pheasant; eagerly eaten by songbirds. 



Ribes ascendens, see Ribes nevadense. 



Ribes aureum Pursh. Golden currant. 



Chrysobotrya aurea (Pursh) Rydb. 



Range : 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 22, 23. 

 Site : Dry, well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 

 Fruit : Berry, available June-July. 

 A small to large shrub ; flowers April-May. 



Observations: Ring-necked pheasant; of fair importance as browse for mule 

 deer. Poor to fair browse for livestock. 



Ribes binominatum Heller. Ground gooseberry. 



Orossularia binominata (Heller) Cov. and Britt. 

 Range: 4. 



Site: Well-drained, sun. 

 Fruit: Berry. 

 A small, trailing, spiny shrub ; flowers in June. 



Ribes bracteosum Dougl. Stink currant. 



Range : 1, 2, 4. 

 Site: Moist, shade. 

 Fruit: Berry. 

 A small to large shrub ; flowers May-June. 



Ribes californicum Hook, and Am. Hillside gooseberry. 



Orossularia californica (Hook, and Am.) Cov. and Britt. 

 Range : 1, 4, 5, 10. 

 Site: Dry, sun. 

 Fruit : Berry. 



Commonly a small shrub, rarely a large shrub ; spiny and compact ; flowers 

 January-April ; berry small and usually single. 



Ribes cereum Dougl. Wax currant. 



R. inebrians Lindl., R. pumilum Nutt., R. churchii Nels. 

 Range : 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16. 

 Site: Dry, sun. 



Fruit : Berry, available June August. 



A small to large, unarmed, much-branched shrub; flowers June-August. 

 Observations: Blue, spruce, and Richardson's grouse, chickadee; eaten by 

 many songbirds ; an important food of chipmunks in California ; California mule 

 deer. Of some importance as forage for livestock. 



Ribes churchii, see Ribes cereum. 

 Ribes ciliosum, see Ribes triste. 



Ribes cognatum Greene. 



Orossularia cognata (Greene) Cov. and Britt, 

 Range: 7, 8, 9. 

 Site : Moist, sun. 

 Fruit: Berry. 

 A large, spiny shrub. 



