NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 261 



Siderocarpos flexicaulis, see Pithecolobium flexicaule. 

 Sideroxylon lanuginosa, see Bumelia lanuglnosa. 

 Simmondsia californica, see Simmondsia chinensis. 



Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneid. (pi. 40, C). Goat-nut. 



S. californica Nutt., S. pabulosa Kellogg, Buxus chinensis Link. 

 Range : 5, 10. 

 Site : Dry, sun. 



Fruit: Capsule, available August-September. 



A small to large, bushy monoecious or dioecious shrub ; slow growing, fruit 

 often produced in great quantities ; flowers in April ; seed germination 80-100 

 percent ; seedlings slow-growing. 



Observations: Much eaten by squirrels; mule deer; white- winged doves. An 

 important browse for livestock. 



Simmondsia pabulosa, see Simmondsia chinensis. 



Smilax spp. 



Stomach records (in addition to specific records: Forty -four species of birds, 

 including ruffed grouse, bobwhite, wild turkey, sharp-tailed grouse, ring-necked 

 pheasant, and greater prairie chicken ; composed 3.6 percent of the fall food of 

 prairie chicken in Wisconsin ; composed 1.0 percent of fall food of sharp-tailed 

 grouse in Wisconsin; gray fox, white-tailed deer. Observations (in addition to 

 specific records ) : Twelve species of birds, considerably eaten by marsh rabbit ; 

 cottontail rabbit. 



Smilax auriculata Walt. Wild-bamboo. 



Range : 29, 30. 



Site: Dry, well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 

 Fruit: Berry. 



An evergreen vine ; unarmed, or with small prickles, rootstocks bearing large 

 tubers ; occurs in sandy and other soils. 

 Observations: Captive marsh rabbit. 



Smilax bona-nox L. Fringed greenbrier. 



Range : 11, 16, 17, 20, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30. 

 Site : Dry, well-drained, sun, shade. 

 Fruit: Berry, available October-November. 



A spiny vine, partially evergreen ; flowers in June ; root-stocks bearing large 

 tubers. (See also S. psetidochina.) m 



Stomach records: Thirteen species of birds, including ruffed grouse. Observa- 

 tions: Captive marsh rabbit. 



Smilax californica Gray. California greenbrier. 



Range : 4. 



Site : Well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 

 Fruit: Berry, available July-November. 

 A smooth or prickly vine; commonly spreads by rootstocks. 



Smilax cinnamomifolia, see Smilax lanceolata. 



Smilax glauca Walt. (pi. 39). Sawbrier. 



Range : 20, 21, 22, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30. 

 Site : Dry, well-drained, sun. 

 Fruit : Berry, available September-October, often persistent until 



spring. 



A partially evergreen vine ; flowers in June ; occurs on sand, clay, and other 

 soils; underground stems deep, bearing large tubers; often troublesome in 

 clearings and meadows ; comparatively difficult to eradicate ; thicket forming ; 

 very tolerant of fire. 



Stomach records: Seven species of birds, including ruffed grouse. Observa- 

 tions: Captive marsh rabbit. 



Smilax hispida Muhl. Bristly greenbrier. 



Range : 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. 

 Site : Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 



Fruit: Berry; available October-November, commonly persistent until 

 spring. 



