NATIVE WOODY PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES 283 



Viburnum alnifolium Marsh, (pi. 42) . Hobblebush. 



Range : 23, 24, 26, 27. 

 Site: Well-drained, moist, shade. 

 Fruit : Drupe, available August-September. 



A small to large shrub ; flowers May-June ; commonly occurs in acid soils ; 

 thicket forming ; reclining branches often root at the nodes or at the tip. 



Stomach records: Ruffed grouse. Observations: Cottontail rabbit; preferred 

 food of white-tailed deer in New York. 



Viburnum americanum, see Viburnum trilobum. 



Viburnum bracteatum Rehd. 

 Range: 27. 



Site : Well-drained, sun. 

 Fruit : Drupe. 

 A large shrub. 



Viburnum cassinoides L. Withe rod. 



Range : 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29. 

 Site : Dry, well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 

 Fruit: Drupe, available September-October, falling at once. 

 A small or more commonly a large shrub ; flowers June-July ; occasionally 

 thicket forming ; 3,000 dry berries per pound. 



Stomach records: Ruffed grouse, sharp-tailed grouse, ring-necked pheasant. 

 Observations: Hungarian partridge; an important food of white-tailed deer; 

 cottontail rabbit. 



Viburnum densiflorum Chapm. 

 Range: 30. 



Site : Well-drained, sun. 

 Fruit: Drupe. 

 A small shrub ; flowers April-May. 



Viburnum dentatum L. Arrowwood. 



Range : 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27. 

 Site: Well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 

 Fruit : Drupe, available October-December. 



A large shrub ; flowers May-June ; thicket forming ; endures city smoke ; 

 easily propagated by cuttings ; 17,900 seeds per pound. 



Stomach records: Seven species of birds, including ruffed grouse. Observa- 

 tions: Three species of birds; eastern chipmunk. 



Viburnum ellipticum Hook. Western blackhaw. 



Range: 1, 4. 



Site : Dry, well-drained, moist, sun. 



Fruit: Drupe, available July-September. 

 A small to large shrub ; flowers April-June. 

 Stomach records: Magpie. 



Viburnum ferruglneum, see Viburnum rufldulum. 



Viburnum lentago L. Nannyberry. 



Range: 13, 15 (Black Hills), 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29. 



Site : Dry, well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 



Fruit : Drupe ; available August-September, commonly persistent. 

 Usually a large shrub, more rarely a small or large tree ; multiplies freely 

 by suckers ; will endure city smoke ; easily propagated by cuttings ; 3,000-5,000 

 berries per pound, 4,300 seeds per pound. 



Stomach records: Four species of birds, including ruffed grouse. Observa- 

 tions: Ten species of birds, including ring-necked pheasant ; much eaten by 

 ruffed grouse ; much eaten by raccoon ; skunk, cottontail rabbit ; gray squirrel. 

 Fruit eaten to some extent by sheep and goats. 



Viburnum molle Michx. Soft arrowwood. 



Range : 22, 25, 29. 



Site : Dry, well-drained, sun, shade. 



Fruit: Drupe, available September-October. 



A large shrub ; flowers in June ; commonly occurs in calcareous soil. 

 Stomach records: Two species of birds. 



