292 MISC. PUBLICATION 303, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 



Var. foliosiflora (Michx.) Fern., (Arsenococcus frondosus (Pursh) Small, 

 Xolisma foliosiflora Small, Lyonia frondosa Pursh) is commoner southward. 

 Observations: Ignored by white- tailed deer in Massachusetts. 



Xolisma lucida (Bartr.) Rehd. Fetter bush. 



Lyonia nitida (Bartr.) Fern., Pieris nitida Benth. and Hook., Desmothamnus 

 lucidus (Lam.) Small, Neopieris nitida (Bartr.) Britt. 

 Range: 29, 30. 



Site: Well-drained, moist, sun, shade. 

 Fruit : Capsule. 

 A small to large evergreen shrub ; flowers April-May. 



Xolisma mariana (L.) Rehd. Staggerbush. 



Lyonia mariana (L.) Don., Neopieris mariana (L.) Britt., Pieris mariana 

 (L.) Benth. and Hook. 

 Range : 20, 27, 28, 29, 30. 

 Site: Well-drained, moist. 

 Fruit: Capsule.^. 



A small shrub; flowers May-July; occurs in sandy soil. Foliago said to be 

 poisonous to lambs and calves. 



Xylococcus bicolor, see Arctostaphylos bicolor. 

 Xylosteon ciliatum, see Lonicera canadensis. 

 Xylosteon conjugiale, see Lonicera conjugialis. 

 Xylosteon involucrata, see Lonicera involucrata. 

 Xylosteon utahensis, see Lonicera, utahensis. 

 Xylosteon villosum, see Lonicera villosa. 

 Xylosteon oblongifolia, see Lonicera oblongifolia, 

 Xylothermia montana, see Pickeringia montana. 



Yucca spp. (pi. 44). 



Generally slow-growing, simple-stemmed, treelike species often with very 

 long roots ; commonly occur in dry, sterile soils ; stems commonly grow to 

 keep pace with shifting sands ; trunks occasionally used in construction ; pol- 

 lination rarely occurs unless a small white moth gathers the pollen and pushes 

 it into the stigmatic tube, the larvae feeding exclusively on maturing seeds 

 of the plant. Propagation is by seed, offsets, stems, or rhizome cuttings. 



Stomach records (in addition to specific records) : Band-tailed pigeon; wild 

 turkey. Observations (in addition to specific records) : Baccate fruit commonly 

 eaten by birds and mammals ; jack rabbit, rusty antelope squirrel, gray-tailed 

 antelope squirrel, black-backed rock squirrel, mexican mule deer. Nearly all 

 species are eaten by livestock if the tender parts are within reach. Some 

 are of importance as. honey plants. 



Zanthoxylum, see Xanthoxylum. 



Zenobia cassinefolia (Vent.) Poll. 

 Andromeda cassinefolia Vent. 

 Range: 29, 30. 



Site: Well-drained, sun, shade. 

 Fruit : Capsule. 

 A small to large shrub. 



Zenobia pulverulenta (Partr.) Poll. Zenobia. 



Andromeda pulverulenta Bartr. 

 Range: 29, 30. 



Site : Well-drained, sun, shade. 

 Fruit: Capsule. 

 A small to large shrub ; occurs on sandy and other soils. 



Zizyphus lycioides, see Condalia lycioides. 

 Zizyphus obtu'sifolia, see Condalia obtusifolia. 

 Zizyphus parryi, see Condalia parryi. 

 Zygia brevifolia, see Pithecolobium brevifolium. 

 Zygia flexicaulis, see Pithecolobium flexicaule. 



