7(3(> MORTALITY OF TOWNS AND COUNTRY. 



and his successor Augustus, by which the country 

 was rendered more salubrious than at present. 

 Nor was the eternal city polluted by the effluvia 

 from grave yards, like London and many other 

 modern cities. 



Thus we perceive, that after making all due 

 allowance for the influence of civilization, indus- 

 try, and the arts, on the mean duration of human 

 life, it is greater in the temperate latitudes of 

 Europe, than in either the north or south. And 

 M. Quetelet has shown that in all parts of Europe, 

 it is considerably greater in the country than in 

 cities or large towns, in which it varies from 22 

 to 40*8 years in the middle and higher latitudes ; 

 but from eighteen to thirty-six years in the south 

 of Europe, and that in Belgium the proportion 

 is 46'9 in the country, to 36'9 in the towns. 

 (Treatise on Man, p. 28.) 



The difference is still greater in England and 

 Wales, where according to the Second Report of 

 the Registrar General, the mean duration of life 

 is fifty years in the country districts, and thirty- 

 seven in the large towns. And the diseases chiefly 

 incident to children, are twice as fatal in towns 

 as in the country, as shown by the following table 

 contained in the Third Report : 



Deaths in 1,000,000 children living in the 



Country Districts. Town Districts. 



By Hyclrocephalus . . 419 1071 



Convulsions 942 2586 



Pneumonia , 995 2028 



