MEANING OF SOME IMPORTANT WORDS. 855 



atmosphere alone, is evident from the manner in 

 which it is employed by Cicero, Virgil, Seneca, 

 and many other Roman authors, who represent 

 it as the anima Mundi, or soul of universal nature. 

 Moreover, that the Greek word $ V W did not 

 signify air alone, but the universal spirit which 

 " lives through all life," is equally obvious from 

 the fact, that it is called $\>yji Kexr^s by many 

 of the most profound philosophers of Greece, who 

 maintained that the soul of man is a finite portion 

 of the omnipresent, omniscient, omnipotent, and 

 self active spirit, which gives motion, life, and 

 intelligence to organized beings. (Brucker, Hist. 

 Crit. vol. i. 467-75, 1077). 



In accordance with these views of antiquity, it 

 is remarkable, that every word in the Old or 

 New Testament employed to represent the Su- 

 preme Creator, or any spiritual essence, was 

 derived from the manifest agency of the sun, or 

 of light, heat, and air. For example, we have 

 already seen that Al, El, Eli, JEloi, Elohim, and 

 Elion, are all modifications of the Hebrew word 

 *7N, which signifies the Creator of heaven and 

 earth, the material sun, and the universal spiri- 

 tual fluid that pervades all things. Parkhurst also 

 observes, what no one can deny, that the Greek 

 word EXbu, as employed in Mark, c. xv. v. 34, is 

 only a modification of the Hebrew btf, *btf, and 

 nibtf : that the old Greek verb EW, to be, and 

 the word wv, being, were derived from the Hebrew 



3 K 



