OBJECTIONS STATED. 993 



of all organized matter, they must be looked to 

 exclusively as the ground of temperament, that 

 it depends, first, on diversity in the minute inte- 

 rior or radical structure of the tissues which 

 compose the body, and, secondly, on difference 

 of size and vigour in certain ruling organs of the 

 system," by which he means the thorax, brain, 

 and abdomen. 



But neither of these distinguished physiologists 

 has even attempted to explain in what the diversity 

 of organization and radical structure of the tissues 

 consists; nor why it is, that among different 

 nations, certain ruling organs are more fully 

 developed than among others. The principal 

 advantage of their new classification is, that it is 

 simple, and appeals more directly to the senses, 

 than that of the ancients. At the same time, it 

 must be confessed, that, in other respects, it is 

 imperfect and erroneous. In the first place, the 

 thoracic temperament of Thomas and Caldwell 

 does not differ essentially from the sanguine ; for 

 they both represent it as marked by a high tem- 

 perature, great activity of all the vital functions, 

 and a full development of the muscular system, 

 as in the Grecian statue of Hercules, and in all 

 athletic individuals. But they have overlooked 

 the fact, that among the natives of cold climates 

 the chest is larger in proportion to the whole 

 body than among the nations of the middle lati- 



