1004 GRADATIONS OF INTELLIGENCE. 



Cromwell, Newton, Voltaire, Rousseau, Zimmer- 

 man, Collins, Cowper, Burns, and Byron. The 

 misery of such men is owing to a greater activity 

 of the nervous system, than it has the physical 

 power of supporting, or as Thomas Carlyle 

 observes, it is " a consequence of their greatness," 

 and the intensity of their desire to get " a deeper 

 insight into the heart of things." (Hero Worship.) 



That the intellectual powers of man are in 

 proportion to the magnitude of his brain, ceteris 

 paribus, especially its frontal portions, would 

 appear obvious from the corresponding gradations 

 of intelligence among nations, as we ascend from 

 the African, the Cairib, the Esquimaux, and 

 Samoiede, of the artic regions, the North Ameri- 

 can Indian, the Malay, the Mongolian, the Hin- 

 doo and Arab, up to the European, who has the 

 largest forehead, and the finest intellect of them 

 all. Nor is it less certain, that among the lower 

 animals, intelligence corresponds with the size of 

 the brain, and the fulness of its anterior portions, 

 as in many of the smaller birds, the better edu- 

 cated dogs, the horse, elephant, and the higher 

 orders of the monkey tribe, in which the form of 

 the head, and the degrees of intelligence, are 

 exceeded only by man. 



The sensibility of any organ is also in propor- 

 tion to the abundance of nervous matter with 

 which it is supplied, ceteris par ibus. For example, 

 in the eagle, hawk, and many other birds, the 



