INSTINCT AND INTELLIGENCE 91 



the animals into the water ; when this happened they 

 swam to the shore, which, however, was not very far off. 

 This is the only instance that I can recall of this kind 

 where they displayed a certain unusual amount of 

 alacrity, though at first it took them some time to 

 realise the situation. But a camel's natural aversion to 

 external contact with water, and the sudden immersion 

 in it, probably aroused their instinct, and their ability 

 to swim naturally helped them out of the difficulty. 

 On the other hand, instead of trying to get out of the 

 Lora quicksands, they got into a kneeling posture a 

 sign of stupidity in itself which, with their legs bent 

 right under them, converted their position into one of 

 utter and hopeless helplessness, and made it all the 

 harder to extricate them. 



The simple fact of the reposing by certain Mutual 



-. t . -IP f -i confidence 



domestic animals, 01 confidence in man, seems to me inspired 

 sufficient evidence in itself to point to intelligence as ^Imais 

 being the motive power that actuates them on special 

 and particular occasions. And it is this very con- 

 fidence, I believe, which leads to still further steps 

 more links in the chain all of which form a close con- 

 nection, which clearly indicates the faculty of reason. 

 So it is that dogs and horses willingly follow man into 

 all kinds of danger, in the hunting field, when shooting 

 wild game, or into battle ; and the former will often 

 fight in defence of their masters, even to attacking a 

 poisonous snake. In a cavalry charge a horse will There- 

 face anything ; while in the hunting field one horse 

 will negotiate a jump which is beyond his powers, 

 because either his confidence in and attachment to his 

 master, or momentary excitement, blinds his judgment, 



