CANE SUGAR. 



Louisiana the per cent, juice in plant cane will average about 91, and in 

 stubble (ratoons) about 89, consequently if we draw the same amount of juice 

 when diffusing cane as we do with stubble, the dilution will be lower, and the 

 analyses of the two juices will vary, even though the normal juices contain 

 the same per cents, of sucrose. It is safe to commence working with a dilu- 

 tion of about 23 per cent., estimating on a average about 90 per cent, of juice 

 in the cane. If the extraction is satisfactory, but the density of the diffusion 

 juice too low, the cane contains less than 90 per cent, of juice, and the draw 

 should be reduced until a satisfactory density is obtained. With thin chips 

 and regular work the draw may be reduced to 18 per cent., but it is not safe 

 to go beyond this limit, except when there is a careful chemical control to 

 promptly detect and remedy a poor extraction. With the best multiple effect 

 evaporation it is economical to burn more coal to evaporate additional water 

 rather than leave two to three-tenths per cent, sugar in the chips, which 

 might have been obtained by a little higher dilution." 



The following table, designed for preliminary work, gives the dilution for 

 different quantities of juice drawn : 



Table showing the apparent dilution of the normal juice corresponding to different 

 quantities of juice drawn. 



(This table is based on assumed juice content in the cane of 90 per cent, 

 and of an average density of 16 Brix.) 



Temperature. A very important point in connection with diffusion 

 work is the temperature to which the juice should be heated. The following 

 temperatures are given by Llewellyn Jones 2 as prevailing in the diffusion 

 battery at Non Pareil in Demerara : No. 1, 75C.-80C. ; No. 2, 80 C. 

 85 C. ; No. 3, 85 C. 90 C. ; No. 4, 95 G. 100 C. ; Nos. 5-9, 100 C. ; 

 No. 10, 90 C.; No. 11, 85 C. 



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