CANE SUGAR. 



Weight of Sugars. This quantity is always carefully weighed, in 

 some cases on automatic scales ; these machines which automatically fill a 

 fixed quantity of sugar into the bags, and also register the number of bags 

 filled, only work to their best advantage with very dry sugars. 



Density of Absolute Juice of the Cane. As shown in the 

 following section a knowledge of this quantity or of its relation to the density 

 of the first expressed juice affords a basis for an oversight of the recorded 

 weights and measurements. The writer has used the following scheme : 

 The sample of cane is crushed in a hand mill, and from the weight of megass- 

 obtained the weight of juice expressed results ; the density or degree Brix of 

 this juice is obtained. A sub-sample of the megass is taken, extracted 

 in a Soxhlet apparatus, the extract concentrated to small bulk, say, 50 c.c., 

 and the density of this extract obtained ; the refractometer forms a most 

 useful appliance in this determination. An example of the method follows : 



Weight of cane, 1000 grms. 



Weight of juice, 670 grms. 



"Weight of megass, 330 grms. 



Juice was of 20*0 Brix ; the megass contained 50'0 per cent, water; the 

 extract, from 20 grms. of megass concentrated to 50-0 c.c., contained 4-2 per 

 cent, solids, and was of density 1-0165 ; the soluble solids in 20 grms. of 



megass are then - - =2-135 or 10-67 per cent. ; the megass 



then contains 60-67 per cent, of juice, which contains 17' 61 per cent, of soluble 

 solids ; the amount of juice in the megass is per 100 cane 33 X '6067 = 20-02; 



the Brix of the whole juice of the cane is then = 19*43 



o7 -j- zu'UjiS 



and the ratio of Brix of whole juice to Brix of crusher juice is = -9715. 



Inferential Control Of Weights. When the Cheribon cane 

 formed the staple cane of Java it was found that the relation 



sucrose in cane 



7* I MT"^ : - *" 



sucrose in first mill juice 



obtained very generally and this factor was used to obtain a preliminary 

 estimate of the weight of cane and it was also used to control the weights, as 

 if a different factor was found it was considered prima facie evidence of an 

 error in weights or analyses. 



With the substitution of other canes it was found that this factor was 

 subject to variation and could no longer be used. 



Nevertheless the writer thinks that the determination of this factor on 

 large samples of cane in a hand mill might reasonably form a part of the daily 

 routine, the figure so found being compared with that obtained from the factory 

 results ; any large difference would indicate an error which it should be the 

 business of the executive to locate and to rectify. 



498 



