CANE SUGAR. 



Page 87. 



Demerara Soils. Keference may be made to two able articles on this subject 

 appearing in The International Sugar Journal, April and May, 1910. 



Page 138. 



Fungus Diseases. A very large number of fungi associated with the cane 

 in South America have been described by Spegazzini in the Revista Agricola y 

 Veterinaria, La Plata, and in other Latin- American journals. The author has 

 never had access to these publications. 



Page lJf.8. 



Thielaviopsis ethaceticus. According to Patterson, Charles and Veihmeyer 

 (Bull. 171, Bureau of Plant Industry, U.S.D.A.) this fungus was first described 

 by De Seynes in 1886, as Sporoschisma paradoxum ; in 1892, Saccardo renamed it 

 Chalara paradoxa ; it was in 1893 that Went described it as Thielaviopsis 

 ethaceticus, and in 1904 Hohnel recognized the identity of the fungus. Hence, 

 following the usually accepted system of nomenclature this fungus should be 

 referred to as Thielaviopsis paradoxa. This organism is also the cause of dangerous 

 rots of the pine-apple. The name ' Pine-apple disease,' attached to its manifesta- 

 tions on the sugar cane, is purely fortuitous, and is not connected with its faculty 

 of attacking pine-apples. 



Page 359. 



Pan Control. - The electrical recording thermometers mentioned on page 424, 

 as a means of controlling the combustion in the furnace, would form an ideal 

 means of controlling the temperature in and during the whole operation of pan 

 boiling ; such apparatus is already in use in the not very dissimilar industry of 

 jam boiling. 



Page ^. 



Invertase. The action of invertase extracted from yeast has very recently 

 "been studied in great detail by C. S. Hudson. See Jour. Indus, and A pp. Chem., 

 Vol. II., page 143, and also a series of articles in the Jour. Am. Chem. Soc., 

 during 1909 and 1910. 



Page 75. 



Fibre. The determination of fibre in sugar house control has special 

 significance, and includes everything which is not juice. As employed in factory 

 work it must be carefully distinguished from ' crude fibre' or ' digestible fibre' 

 of plant physiology and analysis. Forming as it does the basis of the control of 

 mill work, a method simulating the action of mills should be followed ; the most 

 convenient method the writer knows of is to finely divide the cane, place a sample 

 in a linen bag and squeeze out as much juice as possible in a powerful press ; the 

 bag is removed from the press, the cake of fibre opened out by rubbing without 

 removing from the bag, soaked in cold water and again pressed. This operation 

 is repeated until the expressed juice is free from soluble solids ; this will take not 

 more than six pressings, after which the residue, consisting of ' fibre,' is dried 

 and weighed. In the absence of a press, washing of the finely divided sample in 

 running cold water should be adopted. 



580 



