20 BRITISH BIRDS 
Bird. Length 7 in. Upper-parts buffish-brown streaked 
darker brown. Under-parts pale buff with brown streaks. — 
Wings mostly brown. White edges to 
outer tail-feathers. Erectile crest. Buff 
stripe over eye. Recognised in flight by 
broad buff hinder margin of the pointed 
wings, _ 
Nest. On the ground, usually in grass 
or growing crops. Material : grass, bents, 
lined with finer grasses and generally 
hair. 
Eggs. Usually 3-4. Greyish, greenish, or 
brownish-white mottled thickly with olive- 
Fig. 18. brown and grey. Av. size, ‘91 x *66 in, 
Laying begins April-May. Broods 2-3. 
29. Wood-lark [Alauda arborea arborea Linneeus]. Resident 
in England and Wales. Local. 
Bird. Length 53 in. In general coloration like the sky- 
lark, but distinguished from it chiefly by its smaller size, 
shorter tail, smaller bill, and the absence of white on the outer 
tail-feathers, 
Nest. On or near ground often sheltered by bracken, heath, 
or grass. Material: grass, moss, lined with finer grasses, 
sometimes hair. 
Eggs. Usually 4. Dirty white spotted with browns and 
fainter greys. Av. size, °83x°6l1 in. Laying begins March— 
April. Broods 2-3. 
(5) Family: Motacillide—Wagtails and Pipits 
30. Pied-wagtail [Motacilla alba lugubris Temminck]. Resi- 
dent nearly all parts. 
Bird. Length 7:30 in. Both this and the white-wagtail 
are easily recognised by the black, 
white, and grey plumage, and the 
long black tail with white outer 
feathers. In summer the cock 
pied-wagtail is distinguished from 
the hen by his black upper-parts 
(except the white forehead), hens 
: - being dark grey mottled with black. 
Fig. 19. After the autumn moult the sexes 
are much alike; both have grey backs and white throats 
instead of black. The summer black on the upper breast is 
retained to form a band. The young have olive-brown on the 
upper-parts and greyish eek of black gorget and crown. 
