WARBLERS 31 
olive-brown margins to tail-feathers. Wing quills dull grey. 
Under-parts mostly pale grey. 
Nest. In undergrowth, bushes, 
hedges. Material: chiefly grass, lined 
with finer grasses and horse-hair. 
Eggs. Usually 4-5. Creamy-white 
a yellowish-brown and some- 
times with dusky spots and streaks. 
Occasionally salmon-pink with reddish 
markings. Also white marked and un- 
marked. Av. size, ‘76°57 in. Lay- 
ing begins in May. Broods 1-2. 
55. Garden-warbler [Sylvia borin Fig. 33. 
(Boddaert); Sylvia hortensis (Bechstein). 
Summer visitor generally distributed, but local. Rare in 
Ireland. Bird of passage. 
Bird. Length 5% in. Recognised by uniform olive-brown 
of upper-parts, wing, and tail. Sexes alike. There may be 
a pale buff stripe over the eye. Under-parts greyish-white 
with dull buff tinge on throat, forebreast, and flanks. 
Nest. Place: bushes in gardens, on wood-edges, in hedges 
or herbage. Material: grass stalks loosely put together, lined 
with finer grasses and hair. 
Eggs. Usually 5. Like those of blackcap, but glossier and 
more distinctly marked, Occasionally almost white, with 
“faint yellowish cloudings or zones of small spots” (Jourdain). 
Av. size, ‘79 x ‘58in. Laying begins in May. One brood usual. 
56. Dartford-warbler [Sylvia undata dartfordiensis Latham]. 
Stationary, chiefly in the southern English counties, on gorse 
commons and heaths. 
Bird. Length 5 in. Recognised by the dark brown 
of the upper-parts and the long 
fan-shaped tail. The male has the 
under-parts mostly dark chestnut- 
red. Wing quills sepia-brown. Tail 
dark brown with a white margin to 
the outermost feathers. Iris dark 
red. Female and young paler. With 
the autumn moult white spots appear ; 
on the throat of both sexes, but dis- Fig. 34 
appear during the winter. 
Nest. Place: usually in gorse or rough heather. Material: 
usually grass stems, &c., lined with finer grasses and a little 
hair, wool, or feathers. 
Eggs. Usually 4, “Much like the whitethroats, but 
smaller, less greenish, with a whiter ground and more 
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