52 BRITISH BIRDS. 
white. A white bar on the wing. In winter the throat 
y and part of the ah of the neck and head 
become white. 
Nest. None made. The egg is laid on the 
bare rock on open ledges, or tops of stacks. 
(See razorbill, No. 100.) Species breeds in 
colonies. _ 
Egg. One. Pear-shaped. Av. size, 3:04 x 1-94 
in. Coloration very varied. Ground colour 
may be various shades'of white, yellow, brown, 
blue, green, or pink, spotted, blotched and lined 
Ai YW) a 
o pr a y 
eae ae 
‘a with reds, browns, blacks, yellows, greens. 
Fig. 62. Some eggs unmarked. Laying begins May, later 
than with the razorbill. One chick reared. 
102. Black-guillemot ([Cepphus grylle grylle (Linneous)]. 
Salt-water species more or less stationary on the coasts of 
Scotland, Ireland, and the Isle of Man. Exceptional further 
south, 
Bird. Length 1lin. Distinguished by the vermilion-red of 
the legs and the large white patch on the wings. Sexes alike. 
Plumage, black with green reflections, except for the white 
areas both on the upper and under-side of the wing. In winter 
the feathers of the upper-parts of the body are mostly edged 
with white. Under-parts white. The young have a mottled, 
barred white-and-black appearance, 
Nest. None made, The eggs are laid on the bare rock, 
usually under boulders at the foot of cliffs or in crevices in the 
cliff, exceptionally in holes of ruins. Species nests singly or in 
relatively small colonies. 
iggs. Usually 2. Whitish, marked with dark brown and 
ash-grey. The ground colour may have a tinge of bluish-green. 
Av. size, 2°32 x 1:56in. Laying begins in May-June. One brood. 
103. Little-auk [Alle alle (Linneus); Mergulus alle 
(Linnzeus)]. Irregular winter visitor, mostly off our north and 
east coasts. 
Bird. Length 74 in. Recognised by its small size. In 
winter the upper-parts are mostly black, with white margins 
to the upper scapulars and secondaries, and a white spot over 
the eye. The under-parts are white, including the sides of the 
neck, except for a more or less incomplete collar of black. 
Immature birds lack the white spot over the eye, In spring 
the throat and neck become black. 
104. Puffin [Fratercula arctica arctica (Linneeus)]. Sea-water 
species breeding on all the coasts of the British Isles. Uncommon 
near shore in winter, 
Bird. Length 13 in, Recognised by the large grooved and 
