DUCKS 85 
Bird. Length18}in. The drake is recognised by the round 
white spot in front of each eye, conspicuous ~ 
between the bluish-black beak and the 
glossy greenish-black of the head; by 
the large white areas on the scapulars, 
the wing-coverts and secondaries, the 
white under-parts and black back. A 
short crest. The male in “eclipse” 
(July—October) resembles the female, but Fig. 99. 
is readily distinguished by the remains of 
white on the head. The duck has the head umber-brown, 
without the white spot, the back, breast, and flanks greyish- 
brown or greyish, mixed with darker grey. Rest of under- 
parts white. Less white on the wings than the drake, and 
this divided by two black stripes instead of one, as in his 
case. The young resemble the female. 
171. Longtailed-duck [Harelda hyemalis (Linneus); Har- 
elda glacialis (Linnzeus)}. Winter visitor, chiefly to our E. 
coasts, more rarely inland waters. Appears to breed occasion- 
ally on the Shetlands and Orkneys. 
Bird. Length 22-26 in. The sexes differ conspicuously. 
The drake in winter and summer has the 
central tail-feathers long, slender, and 
black, the outer and shorter being white. 
Beak blackish, middle portion rose-colour 
(when fresh, according to H. Saunders). 
a winter the head ane neck are more or 
ess white or greyish with a large patch : 
of dark isreen. shading below into eae sh ok 
brown (see Fig. 100). The back to the tail, the breast, 
wing-coverts, and quills dusky brown or blackish. The long 
scapulars, inner secondaries, belly, and flanks mostly white. 
In the summer plumage, which is completed in May, the 
cheeks are whitish or buftish-white, the rest of the upper-parts 
and the breast blackish-brown, with rufous margins on the 
back and scapulars, the latter not long and white as in 
winter. Flanks and belly white. The female lacks the long 
tail-feathers and the long white scapulars. All the upper- 
parts are brownish, except a ring round the base of the neck 
and the sides of the head, which are greyish-white, Fore- 
breast rust brown, rest of under-parts pale brown. The young 
are much like the duck. 
172. Common-eider [Somateria mollissima mollissima 
(Linnzus)|. Breeds on our coasts and marine islands from 
Northumberland and Kirkcudbright northwards ; also winter 
visitor to same, Elsewhere occasional. Has bred Ireland. 
