ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. 141 
obvious in wasps. Bees indeed appear to have a 
more copious language in every way than wasps. 
Those who are familiar with bees and their ways can 
tell what is goig on in their hives by the nature of 
the buzzing; there is a note of anger and a note of 
contentment; and the queen has notes of her own, - 
well understood by her subjects. I am not aware of 
any variety of the notes in wasps beyond what have 
been indicated already, and indeed a wasp’s nest, 
even during seasons of great excitement, is, quite 
unlike a beehive, an abode of silence. The audible 
expressions of temper are those of individuals not of 
the community. 
From the spiracles, the trachez pass inwards, to 
join the large air trunks which run up the abdomen, 
one on either side. These are not disposed with 
exact symmetrical regularity, one answering to each 
other and to each of the segments of the abdomen ; 
for they are an adaptation of the respiratory organs 
of the larva to the altered circumstances of the perfect 
insect. Instead, therefore, of presenting a symmet- 
rical arrangement, as in the larva, of two lateral 
tubes, which are fed from the spiracles on one side, 
and give off branches regularly to all the organs on 
the other, the lateral trunks are dilated in some parts 
into large vesicles, while in other parts they are so 
contracted that it is difficult to trace their continuity. 
One such large vesicle is to be found on each side 
within the first and second abdominal rings. From 
the main trunks and the vesicles, air-tubes are dis- 
tributed to all the neighbouring parts, incidentally 
serving a mechanical purpose by forming a loose 
