Part I. 



DAIRYING 



LESSON I. 



INTRODUCTORY 



I. Development of the Dairy Industry. 



1. Dairying is one of the oldest industries known to man. 

 Ancient inscriptions and documents seem to indicate that butter 

 was made one or two centuries B. C., and that contributions of 

 cheese for the support of monasteries were common in about 

 the year 500. Early literature also shows that for many years 

 no great attention was given to the development of the dairy 

 cow as a large milk producer, or that the processes of butter- 

 making and cheese making were changed much from year to 

 year. The cows in existence were milked and the butter and 

 cheese made in about the same routine way for many years. 



2. Milk production and dairy manufacturing remained nearly 

 stationary until about 1875, when the centrifugal cream separator 

 began to show some promise of becoming useful. This invention 

 called attention to the large losses of butter fat in skimming 

 milk by the old gravity methods, and led to the establishment 

 of creameries where the milk of many farmers was skimmed and 

 butter made in a much more economical way than formerly. 



3. A second stage in the development of dairying dates from 

 the invention of the Babcock and other milk tests in about 1890. 



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