DAIRYING. 55 



very little grain. Hay was fed the last thing at night after milking. 

 During day time the cows were turned out into a sheltered yard 

 where they were fed corn stalks that had been stacked near the 

 barn at husking time. The corn stalks were well eaten and it is 

 probable that the cows satisfied their differences in appetite on the 

 corn stalks, if, as stated, each one was given the same amount of 

 hay and grain. The cows had access to well water during the entire 

 year, and were in pasture from May to November. When cows 

 were fresh the calf was allowed to have its mother's milk for about 

 three weeks, when it was sold for veal'. 



133. An inspection of the records of each cow at this farm 

 shows that the butter in the milk of one cow in this herd brought 

 $53.35 in a year, and that of another $28.72. These figures do not 

 mean that cow No. 1 is worth $53.00 and No. 2, $28.00, because if 

 the feed of a cow for a year cost $30, cow No. 1 earned an annual 

 profit of $23.00, but the farmer lost $2.00 by keeping No. 2. In five 

 years No, 1 would pay $115.00 into the owner's pocket, but if he 

 kept No. 2 during this time, a loss of $10.00 must be made up from 

 some other source, and inspection of the receipts from twelve cows 

 on each of two farms shows that at farm A. there were three cows 

 which did not produce enough milk to pay for their feed. The 

 entire herd only paid a profit of $7.00, and three of the twelve cows 

 paid $50.00 of this amount, while the combined profit of the other 

 nine cows is only $25.00. In this case three cows earned 100 per 

 cent, more money in a year than was earned by nine cows on the 

 same farm. On the other farm, twelve cows earned a total profit 

 of $228.00, instead of $75.00 as on the first farm, but even at farm 

 B. there is a considerable difference in the cows. No. 1 earned only 

 about $8.00 profit while No. 2 earned nearly $31.00, a difference of 

 about 400 per cent, in the annual butter value of these two cows 

 to their owner. 



135. These tests are of more value to the owners of the herds 

 tested than to anyone else, but some illustrations of general interest 

 may be drawn from them. The cows on one farm were tested for three 

 years. The average receipts per cow in 1898, from the creamery 

 were $36.30 ; in 1900, $39.20, and in 1901, $38.92. The figures do not 

 show much indication that the owner profited by these tests. Two 

 cows that did not produce enough milk to pay a profit on their 



