DAIRYING 



shallow pans the average test of the skim milk was 0.39 per cent, 

 fat, and at 30 farms where deep setting of the milk in cold water 

 was practiced, the average test of the skim milk was 0.39 per 

 cent. fat. It is a well-known fact that centrifugal separators will 

 skim milk to 0.1 per cent, fat, which is about ten times better 

 than the results obtained by these dilution methods. 



259. The difference between the effect of warm and of cold 

 water for diluting milk to aid the cream rising is shown by the 

 following results reported by Professor Wing: 



These "aquatic," "hydraulic," or "ventilated" cream "separ- 

 ators" are all operated on practically the same peculiar plan, and 

 any tin can with a faucet at the bottom will answer the purpose 

 for which these painted wonders are sold at large prices. Dairy- 

 men should know that they are not so efficient as the methods 

 ordinarily used for skimming milk at the farm. 



Average Results of Skimming Milk by Gravity Process. 



260. The following summary gives the temperature, also the 

 test of skim milk and cream that may be expected from the three 

 gravity methods of cream separation under average conditions : 



