36 DAIRYING 



cow each hour amounts to 117 cubic feet ; this air in 24 hours will 

 fill a space about 14x14x14 feet in dimensions, or stated in an- 

 other way, if air is supplied to cows in the same way as water is 

 given to them, each COW T needs 6 full pails of -air per minute. It 

 is further estimated "That the air of stables and dwellings should- 

 at no time contain more than 3.3 per cent of the air once breathed 

 and in order that the air of a stable shall at no time con- 

 tain more than 3.3 per cent of air once breathed it must enter and 

 leave at the rate of 3,542 cubic feet per hour per cow." 



720. Unless animals as well as man are given a constant 

 supply of fresh air they are poisoned by the accumulation of CO.,, 

 water and waste products in the air, their vitality is diminished 

 and they finally suffocate. In an experiment with twenty cows, 

 reported by Professor King, there was found to be a loss of .55 

 pounds of milk per cow per day when the stable was poorly 

 ventilated, as compared with the 2-day periods of ample ventila- 

 tion and in addition to this, the cows in the insufficiently venti- 

 lated stable showed evidence of blood poisoning by an appear- 

 ance of a rash on the skin that made the cows rub their sides 

 "until the hair in many cases was stained with blood." 



721. A good indication of poor ventilation is the accumula- 

 tion of moisture which may even fall in drops from the walls and 

 ceiling of a cow stable. This is evidence of an extremely un- 

 healthy condition and where it exists some provision should be 

 made at once to overcome it. If 10.4 pounds invisible vapor are 

 thrown off daily by an animal weighing 1000 pounds, the air in 

 a 20-cow stable 20x40 feet and 9 feet high must be changed every 

 50 minutes when the temperature is 70 in order to carry off the 

 moisture exhaled by the cows and to prevent its condensation 

 on the walls and ceiling of the stable.* 



722. Space per Cow. From 400 to 800 cubic feet per cow 

 stanchion may be used as a guide in calculating the length and 

 width of the stable, and the height of the ceiling above the cows 

 which is usually not over 9 feet. The amount of cold weather 

 during a year in each locality should be considered in planning 

 the stable. Too much space per cow is a waste of heat from the 



*Figures taken from King's Book on Ventilation. 



