DAIRYING 41 



stanchion leave the cows exposed to the danger of having their 

 udders injured by being stepped on by a neighboring cow. 



726. The swinging stanchion is comfortable and gives a cow 

 freedom of movement. It also keeps the cow in place better than 

 the chain tie. 



727. The cow stalls that keep the cows separate from each 

 other by iron partitions between them and a chain rope across 

 the rear of each stall represent an entirely different way of 

 stabling cows than any kind of chain tie or stanchion. These leave 

 each cow free in the stall ; she is not tied by the head or neck in 

 any way, and the front of the stall is adjustable to accommodate 

 cows of different sizes. The rear posts near the gutter are some- 

 times objected to because of the inconvenience they cause in 

 cleaning out and in milking the cows. Such stalls are not adapted 

 to the use of a milking machine, as the partition prevents any use 

 of the machine between two cows which are usually milked at one 

 time. 



728. Another type of cow stall that is about half way be- 

 tween the full stall and no stall, is now being extensively used. 

 The cow is tied by a chain around her neck and a short partition 

 extending only about half way to the gutter keeps her in place 

 so that the manure drops into the gutter. There is also little 

 danger of injury from a neighboring cow stepping on her udder 

 when she is lying down. This type is illustrated by the Ideal 

 stall shown in Plate 25, made of iron pipe. The latter is used in 

 the dairy barn of the Purdue, Indiana, Experiment Station. 



Several cow . stalls have been patented and can be bought 

 ready made, but when the important requirements of a sanitary 

 stall are understood, they can be made without great expense. 



729. The floor of the stalls, as well as the mangers, feeding 

 alley and alley back of the cows, are usually made of concrete, 

 with a cement finish. It is also a good plan to extend the cement 

 a foot or two up from the floor on the walls all around the stable. 

 Such floors are easily kept clean and they also make it possible 

 to save the liquid manure which is so valuable. When a cement 

 floor is laid directly on the ground it is necessary to make pro- 

 vision for protection from dampness ; this may be done by laying 



