DAIRYING 109 



Some of the standards contained in state dairy laws are the 

 following, taken from the Wisconsin laws: 



Milk is the fresh, clean, lacteal secretion obtained by the 

 complete milking of one or more healthy cows, properly fed and 

 kept, excluding that obtained within eight days before and four 

 days after calving, and contains not less than eight and one-half 

 (8.5) per cent of solids-not-fat, and not less than three (3) per 

 cent of milk fat. 



Modified milk is milk modified in its composition so as to have 

 a definite and stated percentage of one or more of its con- 

 stituents. 



Skim milk is milk from which a part, or all of the cream has 

 been removed, and contains not less than nine (9) per cent or 

 milk solids. 



Pasteurized milk is milk that has been heated below boiling, 

 but sufficiently to kill most of the active organisms present, and 

 immediately cooled to fifty (50) degrees Fahrenheit or lower. 



Sterilized milk is milk that has been heated to the tempera- 

 ture of boiling water or higher for a length of time sufficient to 

 kill all organisms present. 



Evaporated milk is milk from which a considerable portion 

 of water has been evaporated, and contains not less than twenty- 

 eight (28) per cent of milk solids, nor less than eight (8) per 

 cent of milk fat. 



Condensed milk is milk from which a considerable portion of 

 water has been evaporated, and to which sugar (sucrose) has 

 been added, and contains not less than twenty-eight (28) per 

 cent of milk solids, nor less than eight (8) per cent of milk fat. 



Condensed skim milk is skim milk from which a considerable 

 portion of water has been evaporated. 



Cream is that portion of milk, rich in milk fat, which rises to 

 the surface of milk on standing, or is separated from it by 

 centrifugal force, is fresh and clean, and contains not less than 

 eighteen (18) per cent of milk fat. 



Evaporated cream, clotted cream, is cream from which a 

 considerable portion of water has been evaporated. 



