WELLS, PUMPS, CISTERHS, FILTERS. 99 



which are one and one-quarter inch thick, as for a barrel, 

 using three iron hoops. The shaft of the windlass is also 

 of iron, to which a wooden cylinder is fastened by a 



Fig. 123. A " BARREL " WELL-CURB. 



couple of bolts driven through the wood and iron. In 

 making the windlass, fashion the wood to the right size, 

 and then split open the cylinder, cut a place for the 

 shaft, fit it in, and then drive bands over the ends. 



HEMLOCK FOR WELL-CURBS. 



In many sections of country stone is scarce, and plank 

 is used for curbing wells. Pine lumber gives a dis- 

 agreeable taste to water. Hemlock lumber is usually 

 cheaper than pine, and can be obtained at most lumber 

 yards. Five hundred feet of lumber are sufficient for a 

 well fourteen feet deep, three by four feet outside meas- 

 urement. The four posts should be four by four inclles, 

 and the planks two inches thick, fastened on with heavy 

 spikes. Dig down until there is danger of caving, and 

 then put in the curb, with planks enough on to reach the 

 surface of the ground. Afterwards dig the earth from the 

 inside of the curb, and put on the planks as fast as 

 needed. In some soils that are loose, the weight of the 



